Ancient Chinese swords have a long history, mainly comprising two categories: knives and swords. Knives are mostly single-edged, primarily used for slashing; the ring-pommel sword of the Han Dynasty and the horizontal sword of the Tang Dynasty were both formidable weapons on the battlefield. Swords, on the other hand, are double-edged and are known as the “king of weapons,” excelling in thrusting. Their materials evolved from bronze to steel, with the composite swords of the Warring States period and the hundred-refined steel of the Han Dynasty representing the pinnacle of craftsmanship.